Antihyperlipidemic activity of Allium chinense bulbs

Allium chinense is a medicinal plant and nutritional food commonly used in Eastern Asia. In this study, we investigated the in vitro antioxidant activity (scavenging of α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl free radical, total phenol content, reducing power, and total antioxidant activity) and constituents of various extracts from A. chinense. Moreover, we also studied the in vivo hypolipidemic effects of extracts on high-fat-diet Wistar rats. Ethanol extracts from A. chinense showed notable antioxidant activity, and its high-dose essential-oil extract both significantly reduced serum and hepatic total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels and increased serum high-density lipoprotein levels in high-fat-diet Wistar rats compared with those observed following treatment with the control drug probucol. Additionally, visceral fat in high-fat-diet Wistar rats was reduced. Furthermore, groups with high doses of essential-oil and residue extracts showed protective effects associated with histopathological liver alteration. These results suggested that A. chinense is a valuable plant worthy of further investigation as a potential dietary supplement or botanical drug.     

黄酮类成分黄芩素、槲皮素、丹参素钠对吸烟致细胞毒性和DNA损伤的保护作用

目的评价吸烟致细胞毒性和DNA损伤以及黄酮类成分黄芩素、槲皮素、丹参素钠的保护作用。方法以自动吸烟机按照FTC协议吸烟产生的主流烟雾在线染毒B-16细胞和人颊黏膜细胞两种真核细胞,通过MTT比色法和单细胞凝胶电泳法检测吸烟所致的细胞毒性和DNA损伤,并考察黄芩素、槲皮素、丹参素钠的保护作用。结果吸烟可致体外培养的B-16细胞活力明显下降,两种细胞的DNA明显损伤。随着烟气作用时间的延长,表征细胞内DNA损伤程度的彗星尾矩、Olive尾矩都有增加;1 mmol/L槲皮素、黄芩素和丹参素均可明显缓解吸烟引起的细胞毒性和DNA损伤,对B-16细胞的活力提升50%左右,对人颊黏膜细胞的DNA保护效果超过60%。结论吸烟可致细胞毒性和细胞DNA损伤,但是黄酮类成分黄芩素、槲皮素、丹参素钠均对细胞和DNA具有保护作用。     

HPLC法测定复方桔梗止咳片中甘草苷和甘草酸含量

目的：建立同时测定复方桔梗止咳片中甘草苷和甘草酸含量的HPLC检测方法。方法：采用Agilent C18（4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm）色谱柱;以乙腈-0.05%磷酸为流动相进行梯度洗脱;流速1.0 mL·min-1;检测波长237 nm;进样量：10μL;柱温30℃。结果：甘草苷、甘草酸分别在10.65~42.60 mg·L-1、97.30~389.30 mg·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,r分别为1.0000、1.0000;平均回收率（n=6）分别为98.80%（RSD=0.73%）、99.84%（RSD=0.10%）。测得6批复方桔梗止咳片,每片分别含甘草苷135.28μg、123.16μg、113.21μg、136.08μg、160.84μg、156.32μg,甘草酸441.36μg、405.86μg、364.69μg、446.93μg、518.22μg、509.65μg。结论：该方法简便,重复性好,可用于同时测定复方桔梗止咳片中甘草苷和甘草酸的含量。     

雷公藤多苷治疗强直性脊柱炎的疗效及安全性分析研究

目的：研究雷公藤多苷治疗强直性脊柱炎的有效性及安全性。方法：选取我院2009年1月-2013年12月收治的强直性脊柱炎患者50例,采取随机数字表法分为两组,每组25例。对照组给予柳氮磺胺吡啶片治疗,试验组给予雷公藤多苷片治疗,观察与比较两组患者经不同药物治疗的临床疗效及安全性。结果：试验组优良率明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）,差异具有统计学意义。两组患者分别出现肝功能异常、腹泻及月经推迟的患者数无明显差异（P〉0.05）,差异不具有统计学意义。结论：雷公藤多苷片治疗强直性脊柱炎的临床效果显著,且不良反应的发生率无明显增加,提升了用药的安全性,值得广泛推广。     

Tripterygium glycosides suppress production of interleukin‐4 by splenocytes in oxazolone‐induced murine colitis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the in vitro effect of Tripterygium glycosides (TG) on cytokine production by splenocytes in oxazolone (OXZ)‐induced colitis in mice. METHODS: Oxazolone (6 mg in 50% ethanol) was administered to male SJL/J mice intrarectally to induce colitis and the mice were killed 3 days later. Isolated splenocytes were cultured for 24 h in the presence of phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin. A preparation of Tripterygium glycosides at a concentration of either 0.1 mg/mL or 0.01 mg/mL was added to the culture medium of splenocytes. Production of interferon gamma (IFN‐γ) and interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) in the supernatant were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Production of IFN‐γ in the normal control group was suppressed by TG at both concentrations (0.01 and 0.1 mg/mL; 1.24 ± 0.13 pg/mL (samples without TG) → 0.97 ± 0.26 pg/mL (0.01 mg/mL TG) → 0.87 ± 0.18 pg/mL (0.1 mg/mL TG); P < 0.02) in a dose dependent manner. In the OXZ‐induced colitis group, the basic level of IFN‐γ was significantly lower than that of the normal control group (1.24 ± 0.13 pg/mL vs 0.65 ± 0.08 pg/mL; P < 0.01); but IL‐4 production was significantly increased in the OXZ‐induced colitis without TG group (7.83 ± 0.69 pg/mL vs 5.65 ± 0.48 pg/mL, P < 0.01). In both groups, TG suppressed IL‐4 production in a dose‐dependent manner (normal control group: 5.65 ± 0.48 pg/mL (samples without TG) → 4.97 ± 0.38 pg/mL (0.01 mg/mL TG) → 3.98 ± 0.32 pg/mL (0.1 mg/mL TG), P < 0.01; OXZ group: 7.83 ± 0.69 pg/mL (samples without TG) → 7.07 ± 0.47 pg/mL (0.01 mg/mL TG) → 6.35 ± 0.48 pg/mL (0.1 mg/mL TG), P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Oxazalone‐induced IL‐4 overproduction by splenocytes was significantly suppressed by TG in a dose dependent manner and the beneficial effects of TG on ulcerative colitis might be related to the suppression of the Th2 type (e.g. IL‐4) mediated immunological response of splenocytes.     

Pregnane Glycosides from Stems of Marsdenia tenacissima

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the stems of Marsdenia tenacissima. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatography and their structures were identified by spectral and chemical analysis. Results Two pregnane glycosides were isolated from the stems of M. tenacissima and identified as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-11α-O- tigloyltenacigenin B, named as tenacigenoside I (1) and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-D- allopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-11α,12β-di-O-acetyltenacigenin B, named as tenacigenoside K (2). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR data of compound 2 are reported for the first time.     

正交设计法优选红旱莲总黄酮的提取工艺

目的 优选提取红旱莲总黄酮的最佳条件.方法 采用L9(34)正交法优化红旱莲中总黄酮的提取,以红旱莲中所含芦丁的含量为评价指标.结果 最佳提取工艺为:80%乙醇,10倍量,加热回流2次,每次2 h.结论 该提取方法稳定、可行,为优化红旱莲总黄酮的提取工艺提供了参考依据.     

肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷对东莨菪碱致记忆障碍小鼠保护作用的研究

目的：探讨肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷对东莨菪碱致学习记忆障碍小鼠的保护作用。方法：用高、低剂量（100 mg/kg、50 mg/kg）的肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷对东莨菪碱致记忆障碍模型小鼠进行灌胃,4周后用方形水迷宫检测学习和记忆能力,并测定脑组织内胆碱乙酰化酶（ChAT）及胆碱酯酶（AChE）含量、血清和脑组织中SOD含量、血清和肝组织中MDA含量。结果：与模型组比较,肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷组小鼠在方形水迷宫中的碰壁次数以及找到终点所需的时间都明显缩短,显示学习、记忆的错误次数降低,学习反应期缩短,记忆潜伏期延长;肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷能提高小鼠脑组织内ChAT和AChE的含量、改善胆碱能神经系统功能,提高小鼠血清和脑组织中的SOD含量以及降低血清和肝组织的MDA含量。结论：肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷具有提高学习、记忆能力。     

分光光度法测定杜仲雄花中总黄酮的含量

目的:建立杜仲雄花中总黄酮的含量测定方法.方法:采用可见分光光度法,选用测定波长500 nm,以芦丁为对照品.结果:芦丁在7.6～38 g/L范围内线性关系良好,r=0.996 1.样品液Al3+络合后1 h内稳定,平均加样回收率为101.15%,RSD为1.87%,符合要求.结论:该方法操作简便,灵敏度高,重复性好,...